For teaching and learning in school to be interesting, effective and rewarding, the environment needs to be conducive. One of the problems militating against effective teaching and learning in schools at all levels of education is an unhealthy school environment which has been the bane of our schools. This paper centres on creating and sustaining a healthy school environment for effective teaching and learning. It examined the concept of school environment, teaching and learning with a focus on primary education which is the foundation and most important level in the pyramid of education.